A nurse is to teach a mother how to give her asthmatic child a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer. Which teaching method is most effective?

Demonstration followed by return demonstration

A printed leaflet given at discharge

A group discussion with other parents

A lecture on the drugs used in asthma

Nursing research, statistics and education

15 AIIMS NORCET (Nursing Officer) practice questions on Nursing research, statistics and education, part of Nursing Management, Research and Education. The first 15 are below; the first 5 with answers and explanations (tap Show answer after you have chosen), the rest in Learn with a free account.

Question 1 · Medium
A nurse is to teach a mother how to give her asthmatic child a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer. Which teaching method is most effective?
1. AA printed leaflet given at discharge
2. BA group discussion with other parents
3. CA lecture on the drugs used in asthma
4. DDemonstration followed by return demonstration
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Answer: D · Demonstration followed by return demonstration
Using an inhaler is a psychomotor skill, and skills are best taught by showing the steps and then watching the learner perform them. The return demonstration lets the nurse correct errors such as poor timing of the puff or not shaking the canister. Written material can support teaching but does not show whether the skill has been learned. Group discussion suits attitudes and sharing experiences more than skill learning.
- A: A leaflet cannot show whether the mother can actually use the device.
- B: Group discussion suits attitudes and experience sharing, not learning a hands-on skill.
- C: A lecture gives knowledge but does not build or check the skill.
Question 2 · Medium
A questionnaire asks staff nurses to rate each of 20 statements about night duty on five points from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree", and the ratings are added to give a total attitude score. This tool is a:
1. AVisual analogue scale
2. BSemantic differential scale
3. CGuttman scale
4. DLikert scale
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Answer: D · Likert scale
A Likert scale is a summated rating scale: respondents rate agreement with a series of statements, and the item scores are added to give a total score for the attitude. It is the most common attitude measure in nursing research. Negatively worded statements are scored in reverse. A visual analogue scale uses a single 10 cm line, and a semantic differential uses pairs of opposite adjectives.
- A: A visual analogue scale is one 10 cm line marked by the respondent, not a set of statements.
- B: A semantic differential rates a concept between bipolar adjectives such as good and bad.
- C: A Guttman scale is cumulative, with items arranged so that agreeing with one implies agreeing with the lower ones.
Question 3 · Medium
A ward's length-of-stay data are strongly skewed because a few patients stayed for months. Which measure of central tendency best describes the typical length of stay?
1. AMode
2. BMedian
3. CMean
4. DStandard deviation
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Answer: B · Median
The median is the middle value and is not pulled by a few extreme values, so it is the preferred average for skewed data such as length of stay or income. The mean is dragged towards the long tail and overstates the typical stay. The mode may not exist or may be unstable in continuous data. The standard deviation measures spread, not a central value.
- A: The mode can be unstable or absent in continuous data and is rarely the best summary.
- C: The mean is pulled towards the extreme values and misrepresents skewed data.
- D: Standard deviation is a measure of dispersion, not of central tendency.
Question 4 · Easy
In a set of data, the value that occurs most often is called the:
1. AMode
2. BMedian
3. CMean
4. DRange
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Answer: A · Mode
The mode is the most frequent value; a data set can have one mode, more than one, or none. It is the only measure of central tendency that can be used with nominal data, such as blood groups. The median is the middle value of ordered data, and the mean is the arithmetic average. The range is a measure of spread, not of central tendency.
- B: The median is the middle value after the data are arranged in order.
- C: The mean is the sum of the values divided by their number.
- D: The range is the difference between the largest and smallest values, a measure of dispersion.
Question 5 · Hard
The pain scores (0-10 scale) of six patients on the first day after surgery are 2, 4, 4, 5, 7 and 9. What is the median pain score?
1. A4.5
2. B5
3. C4
4. D5.2
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Answer: A · 4.5
First arrange the values in order: 2, 4, 4, 5, 7, 9. With an even number of values (6), the median is the average of the two middle values, the 3rd and 4th: (4 + 5) / 2 = 4.5. The mode here is 4, and the mean is 31 / 6 = about 5.2. The median is less affected by the high score of 9 than the mean is.
- B: 5 is only the 4th value; with six values the 3rd and 4th must be averaged.
- C: 4 is the mode (the most frequent value), not the median.
- D: 5.2 is the mean (31 / 6), not the median.
Question 6 · Hard
A study compares the number of patients who developed phlebitis (yes or no) with two types of IV cannula dressing: 18 of 100 with gauze and 7 of 100 with transparent film. Which statistical test is most suitable to test whether the difference is significant?
1. APaired t-test
2. BChi-square test
3. CIndependent samples t-test
4. DPearson correlation coefficient
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 7 · Hard
In a large survey of adults, systolic blood pressure is normally distributed with a mean of 120 mm Hg and a standard deviation of 10 mm Hg. About 95% of the adults will have a systolic pressure between:
1. A90 and 150 mm Hg
2. B115 and 125 mm Hg
3. C110 and 130 mm Hg
4. D100 and 140 mm Hg
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 8 · Easy
A nurse researcher studies the effect of music therapy on preoperative anxiety scores. In this study, music therapy is the:
1. AIndependent variable
2. BDependent variable
3. CDemographic variable
4. DExtraneous variable
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 9 · Hard
A nurse researcher randomly assigns 60 postoperative patients to receive either deep breathing exercises or routine care. Lung function is measured in both groups before and after the intervention. Which research design is this?
1. ATrue experimental design
2. BPre-experimental design
3. CCorrelational design
4. DQuasi-experimental design
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 10 · Easy
A null hypothesis in a nursing study states that:
1. AThe results will apply to the whole population
2. BThere is no relationship or difference between the variables
3. CThe intervention will improve the patient outcome
4. DThe variables are related in a stated direction
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 11 · Medium
A nursing tutor gives short unit tests during the term and uses the results to give feedback and adjust her teaching. This type of evaluation is:
1. ASummative evaluation
2. BFormative evaluation
3. CDiagnostic evaluation
4. DPlacement evaluation
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 12 · Easy
The Indian Nursing Council, which sets uniform standards for nursing education in India, was constituted under an Act of Parliament passed in:
1. A1956
2. B1950
3. C1947
4. D1962
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 13 · Medium
To select a sample from the admission register, a researcher picks a random number between 1 and 10 as the starting point and then takes every 10th patient. This sampling method is:
1. ASystematic sampling
2. BSimple random sampling
3. CStratified random sampling
4. DConvenience sampling
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 14 · Medium
In hypothesis testing, a Type I error is committed when the researcher:
1. AChooses a sample too small to show a difference
2. BRejects a null hypothesis that is actually true
3. CApplies a parametric test to non-normal data
4. DAccepts a null hypothesis that is actually false
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 15 · Medium
A learning objective reads: "At the end of the session, the student will respect the patient's right to privacy during procedures." This objective belongs to which domain of Bloom's taxonomy?
1. ACognitive
2. BPerceptual
3. CAffective
4. DPsychomotor
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

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Nursing research, statistics and education

A nurse is to teach a mother how to give her asthmatic child a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer. Which teaching method is most effective?

A questionnaire asks staff nurses to rate each of 20 statements about night duty on five points from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree", and the ratings are added to give a total attitude score. This tool is a:

A ward's length-of-stay data are strongly skewed because a few patients stayed for months. Which measure of central tendency best describes the typical length of stay?

In a set of data, the value that occurs most often is called the:

The pain scores (0-10 scale) of six patients on the first day after surgery are 2, 4, 4, 5, 7 and 9. What is the median pain score?

A study compares the number of patients who developed phlebitis (yes or no) with two types of IV cannula dressing: 18 of 100 with gauze and 7 of 100 with transparent film. Which statistical test is most suitable to test whether the difference is significant?

In a large survey of adults, systolic blood pressure is normally distributed with a mean of 120 mm Hg and a standard deviation of 10 mm Hg. About 95% of the adults will have a systolic pressure between:

A nurse researcher studies the effect of music therapy on preoperative anxiety scores. In this study, music therapy is the:

A nurse researcher randomly assigns 60 postoperative patients to receive either deep breathing exercises or routine care. Lung function is measured in both groups before and after the intervention. Which research design is this?

A null hypothesis in a nursing study states that:

A nursing tutor gives short unit tests during the term and uses the results to give feedback and adjust her teaching. This type of evaluation is:

The Indian Nursing Council, which sets uniform standards for nursing education in India, was constituted under an Act of Parliament passed in:

To select a sample from the admission register, a researcher picks a random number between 1 and 10 as the starting point and then takes every 10th patient. This sampling method is:

In hypothesis testing, a Type I error is committed when the researcher:

A learning objective reads: "At the end of the session, the student will respect the patient's right to privacy during procedures." This objective belongs to which domain of Bloom's taxonomy?