A burn that is dry, leathery, white and painless to pinprick is most likely a:

Superficial partial-thickness burn

First aid, CPR and disaster management

20 Kerala PSC Staff Nurse Gr II practice questions on First aid, CPR and disaster management, part of Fundamentals of Nursing and First Aid. The first 20 are below; the first 5 with answers and explanations (tap Show answer after you have chosen), the rest in Learn with a free account.

Question 1 · Easy
In trauma care, the 'golden hour' refers to the:
1. ALast hour before death
2. BFirst hour after admission
3. CFirst hour after the injury
4. DHour of surgery on the patient
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Answer: C · First hour after the injury
The golden hour is the first 60 minutes after a serious injury. Prompt control of bleeding, airway care and transfer to a trauma centre in this period greatly reduce deaths. First aid and fast transport aim to use this time well. The clock starts at injury, not at arrival in hospital.
- A: The term describes a window for saving life, not the time before death.
- B: The time starts at injury, not at arrival in hospital.
- D: Surgery may be part of care but does not define the golden hour.
Question 2 · Medium
A burn that is dry, leathery, white and painless to pinprick is most likely a:
1. ASunburn
2. BSuperficial burn
3. CSuperficial partial-thickness burn
4. DFull-thickness burn
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Answer: D · Full-thickness burn
A full-thickness (third-degree) burn destroys the whole skin, including the nerve endings, so the area is painless, dry and leathery, white or charred. It cannot heal on its own and needs skin grafting. Superficial and partial-thickness burns are red, moist or blistered and very painful. The painless area is the most serious part of a mixed burn.
- A: Sunburn is a superficial burn that is red and tender.
- B: Superficial burns are red and painful, without blisters.
- C: Partial-thickness burns are moist, blistered and very painful.
Question 3 · Medium
In CPR for an infant, the chest is compressed to a depth of about:
1. A5-6 cm
2. B4 cm
3. C2 cm
4. D8 cm
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Answer: B · 4 cm
AHA guidance is to compress at least one-third of the chest depth, about 4 cm (1.5 inches) in an infant, using two fingers or the two-thumb encircling method. Shallow compressions do not move enough blood. Adults need 5-6 cm and children about 5 cm. The rate is 100-120/min for all ages.
- A: 5-6 cm is the adult depth and is too deep for an infant.
- C: 2 cm is too shallow to produce useful blood flow.
- D: 8 cm would injure an infant's chest and heart.
Question 4 · Easy
A fracture in which the broken bone communicates with a wound in the skin is called:
1. AGreenstick fracture
2. BComminuted fracture
3. CImpacted fracture
4. DOpen (compound) fracture
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Answer: D · Open (compound) fracture
In an open or compound fracture the skin is broken over the fracture, so the bone is exposed to germs. It carries a high risk of infection, including tetanus and osteomyelitis. The wound is covered with a sterile dressing and the limb is immobilised. A closed fracture has intact skin.
- A: A greenstick fracture is an incomplete break in a child's bone.
- B: A comminuted fracture has the bone broken into several pieces.
- C: In an impacted fracture the bone ends are driven into each other.
Question 5 · Hard
An adult scalded by boiling water has burns of the whole back of the trunk and the whole left arm. By the rule of nines, the burnt area is:
1. A27%
2. B36%
3. C18%
4. D22.5%
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Answer: A · 27%
In an adult the whole back of the trunk is 18% and each whole upper limb is 9%. So 18% + 9% = 27% of the body surface. A burn over 15-20% in an adult needs IV fluids, calculated with the Parkland formula from this figure. 18% counts only the back, and 36% counts the whole trunk front and back.
- B: 36% is the whole trunk front and back, not the back plus an arm.
- C: 18% counts the back of the trunk alone, missing the arm.
- D: 22.5% uses 4.5% for the arm, which is the value for one side of it only.
Question 6 · Easy
A child has a nosebleed. The correct first aid is to sit him up, lean him forward and:
1. APinch the soft part of the nose
2. BPack the nose with dry cotton
3. CLay him flat with the legs raised
4. DTilt the head back and look up
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 7 · Medium
A man has collapsed while still holding a live electric wire at home. What does the first-aider do first?
1. APull him away by his arms
2. BSwitch off the main power supply
3. CStart CPR where he lies
4. DThrow water to break the contact
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 8 · Medium
In disaster triage, a casualty given a yellow tag is one who:
1. ANeeds life-saving care at once
2. BNeeds care, but can wait a few hours
3. CHas only minor injuries and can walk
4. DIs dead or not expected to survive
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 9 · Easy
On reaching the scene of an accident, the first-aider's first priority is to:
1. AStart chest compressions
2. BGive the casualty water
3. CMake sure the scene is safe
4. DTake down the victims' names
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 10 · Medium
Why is vomiting not induced in a person who has swallowed an acid?
1. AAcids are absorbed too quickly for it to help
2. BIt can cause sudden severe hypoglycaemia
3. CIt re-exposes the gullet and may cause perforation
4. DIt neutralises the acid in the stomach
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 11 · Easy
In the disaster management cycle, staff training and mock drills belong to the phase of:
1. ARehabilitation
2. BResponse
3. CRecovery
4. DPreparedness
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 12 · Hard
At a bus accident, a first-aider finds four casualties. Whom should he attend to first?
1. AAn unconscious man on his back with gurgling breaths
2. BA woman with a deformed but closed forearm
3. CA boy screaming with a grazed scalp
4. DAn old man with a painful swollen ankle
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 13 · Easy
The immediate first aid for a dog bite wound is to:
1. AWash it with soap and running water
2. BCover it tightly with a bandage
3. CSuture the wound at once
4. DApply chilli or turmeric paste
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 14 · Medium
A worker splashes a strong alkali into his eye. The best first aid is to:
1. APad the eye and refer to hospital
2. BRub the eye to remove the chemical
3. CIrrigate the eye with clean water for 20 minutes
4. DNeutralise it with a few drops of vinegar
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 15 · Easy
Under AHA 2020 guidelines, the sequence for adult CPR is:
1. AC-A-B
2. BA-C-B
3. CB-A-C
4. DA-B-C
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 16 · Hard
A youth falls from a coconut tree; the broken end of the tibia sticks out through a bleeding wound on his leg. What is the correct first aid?
1. APress around the bone and cover with a sterile dressing
2. BTie a tourniquet tightly over the protruding bone
3. CWash the bone with tap water and leave it open
4. DPush the bone back under the skin, then splint
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 17 · Hard
All of the following are correct first aid for a burn EXCEPT:
1. ARemoving rings before swelling starts
2. BCovering the burn with clean cling film
3. CCooling under running water for 20 minutes
4. DApplying ice directly to the burn
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 18 · Easy
An unconscious casualty is breathing normally and has no suspected spinal injury. He should be placed in the:
1. AFowler's position
2. BProne position
3. CRecovery position
4. DSupine position
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 19 · Medium
A child comes in crying with a live insect buzzing in one ear; there is no ear discharge. What is the best first aid?
1. APick it out with a hairpin
2. BBlow hard into the ear canal
3. CPush a cotton bud in to catch it
4. DPour in lukewarm oil to float it out
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 20 · Medium
In first aid, a tourniquet is used when:
1. AA fractured limb is badly swollen
2. BAny wound on a limb is still oozing
3. CSevere limb bleeding is not controlled by pressure
4. DA snake has bitten the person's leg
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

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First aid, CPR and disaster management

In trauma care, the 'golden hour' refers to the:

A burn that is dry, leathery, white and painless to pinprick is most likely a:

In CPR for an infant, the chest is compressed to a depth of about:

A fracture in which the broken bone communicates with a wound in the skin is called:

An adult scalded by boiling water has burns of the whole back of the trunk and the whole left arm. By the rule of nines, the burnt area is:

A child has a nosebleed. The correct first aid is to sit him up, lean him forward and:

A man has collapsed while still holding a live electric wire at home. What does the first-aider do first?

In disaster triage, a casualty given a yellow tag is one who:

On reaching the scene of an accident, the first-aider's first priority is to:

Why is vomiting not induced in a person who has swallowed an acid?

In the disaster management cycle, staff training and mock drills belong to the phase of:

At a bus accident, a first-aider finds four casualties. Whom should he attend to first?

The immediate first aid for a dog bite wound is to:

A worker splashes a strong alkali into his eye. The best first aid is to:

Under AHA 2020 guidelines, the sequence for adult CPR is:

A youth falls from a coconut tree; the broken end of the tibia sticks out through a bleeding wound on his leg. What is the correct first aid?

All of the following are correct first aid for a burn EXCEPT:

An unconscious casualty is breathing normally and has no suspected spinal injury. He should be placed in the:

A child comes in crying with a live insect buzzing in one ear; there is no ear discharge. What is the best first aid?

In first aid, a tourniquet is used when: