In the Pomeroy technique of female sterilisation, the surgeon:

Ligates the base of a loop of tube and excises the loop

Cauterises the tube with bipolar diathermy

Removes both tubes completely with the fimbriae

Applies a silastic ring around a folded loop of each tube

A woman on combined oral pills for 4 months comes with pain and swelling in her left calf for one day. What should the nurse do?

Advise her to stop the pill and refer her urgently for evaluation

Switch her to a higher-dose pill to settle the symptoms

Advise rest and a crepe bandage and review her in a week

Reassure her that leg cramps are a harmless pill side effect

Under India's population-based screening for common cancers, women are screened for cervical cancer by VIA at which age and interval?

Ages 30-65 years, every 5 years

Ages 18-45 years, every 2 years

Ages 45-70 years, every 10 years

Gynaecological disorders and family planning

25 Staff nurse recruitment practice questions on Gynaecological disorders and family planning, part of Midwifery and Gynaecological Nursing. The first 25 are below; the first 5 with answers and explanations (tap Show answer after you have chosen), the rest in Learn with a free account.

Question 1 · Easy
In the Pomeroy technique of female sterilisation, the surgeon:
1. ACauterises the tube with bipolar diathermy
2. BRemoves both tubes completely with the fimbriae
3. CApplies a silastic ring around a folded loop of each tube
4. DLigates the base of a loop of tube and excises the loop
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Answer: D · Ligates the base of a loop of tube and excises the loop
In the Pomeroy method, the middle part of each fallopian tube is lifted as a loop, its base is tied with absorbable suture and the top of the loop is cut off. When the suture dissolves, the two cut ends separate and seal. It is the usual technique at minilaparotomy, including postpartum. Failure is low but not zero.
- A: Diathermy is an electrocoagulation method, not the Pomeroy method.
- B: Removing the whole tube is salpingectomy, a different operation.
- C: A silastic (Falope) ring is placed at laparoscopic sterilisation.
Question 2 · Hard
A woman's cycles over the past year ranged from 26 to 32 days. Using the calendar (rhythm) method, which days of her cycle are fertile?
1. ADay 12 to day 16
2. BDay 8 to day 21
3. CDay 14 to day 21
4. DDay 8 to day 14
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Answer: B · Day 8 to day 21
The calendar method subtracts 18 from the shortest cycle to find the first fertile day and 11 from the longest cycle to find the last. Here 26 - 18 = 8 and 32 - 11 = 21, so days 8 to 21 are fertile and she abstains or uses a barrier then. Using only the 'day 14 ± 2' rule ignores her irregular cycles. Because the window is long and cycles vary, the method has a high failure rate.
- A: Day 12-16 assumes a regular 28-day cycle and ignores her variation.
- C: Starting at day 14 misses the early fertile days of a short cycle.
- D: Stopping at day 14 ignores ovulation in her longer cycles.
Question 3 · Medium
A woman on combined oral pills for 4 months comes with pain and swelling in her left calf for one day. What should the nurse do?
1. ASwitch her to a higher-dose pill to settle the symptoms
2. BAdvise her to stop the pill and refer her urgently for evaluation
3. CAdvise rest and a crepe bandage and review her in a week
4. DReassure her that leg cramps are a harmless pill side effect
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Answer: B · Advise her to stop the pill and refer her urgently for evaluation
Calf pain and swelling in a pill user may mean deep vein thrombosis, because oestrogen raises clotting factors. It is one of the 'ACHES' danger signs (abdominal pain, chest pain, headache, eye problems, severe leg pain) that need urgent assessment. The pill is stopped and a non-oestrogen method used meanwhile. A missed DVT can lead to pulmonary embolism.
- A: A higher oestrogen dose would increase the clotting risk.
- C: Waiting a week risks extension of a clot or pulmonary embolism.
- D: Calf pain with swelling is a danger sign, not a minor side effect.
Question 4 · Easy
Under India's population-based screening for common cancers, women are screened for cervical cancer by VIA at which age and interval?
1. AAges 21-65 years, every year
2. BAges 30-65 years, every 5 years
3. CAges 18-45 years, every 2 years
4. DAges 45-70 years, every 10 years
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Answer: B · Ages 30-65 years, every 5 years
The MoHFW operational framework screens women aged 30-65 years for cervical cancer by visual inspection with acetic acid once every 5 years. VIA is cheap, needs no laboratory and gives an immediate result, so a positive woman can be treated or referred at the same visit. Screening is done at health and wellness centres by trained nurses and ANMs. Women with symptoms are examined whatever their age.
- A: Annual screening from 21 is not the Indian VIA schedule and overloads services.
- C: Starting at 18 screens women in whom precancer is rare and transient.
- D: Starting at 45 misses the age when precancer is most often found.
Question 5 · Easy
The Multiload Cu 375 IUCD supplied in the national family planning programme is effective for:
1. A5 years
2. B3 years
3. C1 year
4. D10 years
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Answer: A · 5 years
India's programme offers two copper IUCDs: Cu 380A, effective for 10 years, and Cu 375, effective for 5 years. The woman chooses according to how long she wants to delay pregnancy. She is given a card with the date of insertion and the removal date. Fertility returns soon after removal.
- B: Three years is shorter than the approved life of Cu 375.
- C: One year is far too short for either programme IUCD.
- D: Ten years is the life of the Copper T 380A, not Cu 375.
Question 6 · Easy
On histology of a myomectomy specimen, which change is found most often in a degenerating fibroid?
1. ACalcific degeneration
2. BSarcomatous change
3. CHyaline degeneration
4. DRed degeneration
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 7 · Easy
A woman whose periods come at intervals longer than 35 days has:
1. APrimary amenorrhoea
2. BPolymenorrhoea
3. COligomenorrhoea
4. DMenorrhagia
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 8 · Easy
Vulvovaginal candidiasis occurs more often and recurs more often in women who have:
1. AA copper IUCD in place
2. BIron deficiency anaemia
3. CUncontrolled diabetes mellitus
4. DLong-standing essential hypertension
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 9 · Easy
Uterine bleeding that occurs at irregular, acyclic intervals between periods is termed:
1. AMenorrhagia
2. BMetrorrhagia
3. CHypomenorrhoea
4. DPolymenorrhoea
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 10 · Medium
For a 62-year-old woman with third-degree uterine prolapse who is fit for surgery, the usual operation is:
1. AVaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair
2. BRing pessary insertion
3. CManchester (Fothergill) operation, keeping the uterus
4. DAbdominal myomectomy
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 11 · Easy
Under NACO's colour-coded syndromic kits, a woman with abnormal vaginal discharge (vaginitis) is treated with which kit?
1. AKit 5, red
2. BKit 1, grey
3. CKit 6, yellow
4. DKit 2, green
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 12 · Medium
As emergency contraception, a copper IUCD should be inserted within how long of unprotected intercourse?
1. A10 days
2. B24 hours
3. C72 hours only
4. D5 days (120 hours)
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 13 · Hard
Four women, each 22 weeks pregnant, request termination. Under the MTP (Amendment) Act 2021 and MTP Rules 2021, which woman falls in a category allowed termination at this stage?
1. AA woman who wants it because of fetal sex
2. BA mother of two who wants to space births
3. CA married woman whose Copper T failed
4. DA woman widowed during the present pregnancy
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 14 · Medium
A 30-year-old woman has painful periods that have worsened over 3 years, deep pain during intercourse and 2 years of infertility. Which condition do these suggest most?
1. AEndometriosis
2. BBacterial vaginosis
3. CPrimary dysmenorrhoea
4. DCervical ectropion
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 15 · Medium
A 58-year-old woman, 7 years after menopause, reports a few days of vaginal spotting. Which condition must be excluded first?
1. AVaginal candidiasis
2. BEndometrial carcinoma
3. CDysfunctional uterine bleeding
4. DNormal return of menstruation
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 16 · Medium
A married woman of 26 at 8 weeks of gestation requests MTP, but her husband objects. Under the MTP Act, whose consent is legally required?
1. AThe husband's consent alone
2. BBoth the woman's and her husband's consent
3. COnly the woman's own written consent
4. DConsent of her parents or in-laws
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 17 · Hard
A 36-year-old mother of two smokes 15 cigarettes a day and has migraine with aura. She wants a reliable reversible method for at least 4 years and is not breastfeeding. Which method is most suitable?
1. ALactational amenorrhoea method
2. BMala-N combined pill
3. CCopper T 380A IUCD
4. DCalendar (rhythm) method
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 18 · Medium
Why is a GnRH agonist such as leuprolide given for 3 months before myomectomy?
1. ATo make the fibroid soft and easy to remove through the cervix
2. BTo induce ovulation so that she can conceive soon after surgery
3. CTo shrink the fibroid and stop bleeding so haemoglobin can recover
4. DTo prevent new fibroids growing for the rest of her life
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 19 · Medium
A woman has a painful, tense, fluctuant swelling at the lower posterior part of her right labium majus with fever. The treatment usually planned is:
1. ACervical cerclage
2. BMarsupialisation
3. CVulvectomy
4. DSimple needle aspiration
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 20 · Medium
By the Rotterdam criteria, polycystic ovary syndrome is diagnosed when a woman has:
1. AAll three of obesity, hirsutism and infertility together
2. BA raised serum prolactin with irregular cycles
3. CTwo of anovulation, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries
4. DPolycystic-looking ovaries on ultrasound, whatever the symptoms
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 21 · Hard
A woman on Mala-N (21 hormone pills and 7 iron pills) forgot her pills on days 16 and 17 and remembers on day 18. What is the correct advice?
1. ATake both missed pills now, finish the pack including the iron pills as usual
2. BStop this pack, wait for a period, then begin a new pack on the fifth day
3. CTake one pill now and continue as usual; no extra protection is needed
4. DTake one hormone pill now, finish the hormone pills, skip the iron pills and start a new pack
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 22 · Medium
Combined oral contraceptive pills prevent pregnancy mainly by:
1. ACausing a sterile inflammation of the endometrium
2. BKilling sperm in the cervical canal and vagina
3. CSuppressing FSH and LH so that ovulation does not occur
4. DBlocking the fallopian tubes so that sperm cannot reach the ovum
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 23 · Easy
Before visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), the nurse applies to the cervix:
1. A95% ethyl alcohol
2. BPovidone-iodine 10%
3. C3-5% acetic acid
4. DLugol's iodine
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 24 · Medium
Post-placental insertion of a copper IUCD after a vaginal birth is done within what time of delivery of the placenta?
1. A10 minutes
2. B6 weeks
3. C7 days
4. D48 hours
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 25 · Hard
Four hours after vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair, a woman's pulse has risen from 84 to 118/min, BP has fallen from 124/80 to 88/56 mm Hg and her perineal pad is soaked. What should the nurse do first?
1. ARemove the vaginal pack to look for the bleeding point
2. BChange the pad and recheck the vital signs in one hour
3. CEncourage oral fluids and help her walk to the toilet
4. DRaise the foot end, speed the IV fluid and inform the surgeon
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

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Gynaecological disorders and family planning

In the Pomeroy technique of female sterilisation, the surgeon:

A woman's cycles over the past year ranged from 26 to 32 days. Using the calendar (rhythm) method, which days of her cycle are fertile?

A woman on combined oral pills for 4 months comes with pain and swelling in her left calf for one day. What should the nurse do?

Under India's population-based screening for common cancers, women are screened for cervical cancer by VIA at which age and interval?

The Multiload Cu 375 IUCD supplied in the national family planning programme is effective for:

On histology of a myomectomy specimen, which change is found most often in a degenerating fibroid?

A woman whose periods come at intervals longer than 35 days has:

Vulvovaginal candidiasis occurs more often and recurs more often in women who have:

Uterine bleeding that occurs at irregular, acyclic intervals between periods is termed:

For a 62-year-old woman with third-degree uterine prolapse who is fit for surgery, the usual operation is:

Under NACO's colour-coded syndromic kits, a woman with abnormal vaginal discharge (vaginitis) is treated with which kit?

As emergency contraception, a copper IUCD should be inserted within how long of unprotected intercourse?

Four women, each 22 weeks pregnant, request termination. Under the MTP (Amendment) Act 2021 and MTP Rules 2021, which woman falls in a category allowed termination at this stage?

A 30-year-old woman has painful periods that have worsened over 3 years, deep pain during intercourse and 2 years of infertility. Which condition do these suggest most?

A 58-year-old woman, 7 years after menopause, reports a few days of vaginal spotting. Which condition must be excluded first?

A married woman of 26 at 8 weeks of gestation requests MTP, but her husband objects. Under the MTP Act, whose consent is legally required?

A 36-year-old mother of two smokes 15 cigarettes a day and has migraine with aura. She wants a reliable reversible method for at least 4 years and is not breastfeeding. Which method is most suitable?

Why is a GnRH agonist such as leuprolide given for 3 months before myomectomy?

A woman has a painful, tense, fluctuant swelling at the lower posterior part of her right labium majus with fever. The treatment usually planned is:

By the Rotterdam criteria, polycystic ovary syndrome is diagnosed when a woman has:

A woman on Mala-N (21 hormone pills and 7 iron pills) forgot her pills on days 16 and 17 and remembers on day 18. What is the correct advice?

Combined oral contraceptive pills prevent pregnancy mainly by:

Before visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), the nurse applies to the cervix:

Post-placental insertion of a copper IUCD after a vaginal birth is done within what time of delivery of the placenta?

Four hours after vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair, a woman's pulse has risen from 84 to 118/min, BP has fallen from 124/80 to 88/56 mm Hg and her perineal pad is soaked. What should the nurse do first?