Human Reproduction

23 NEET-UG practice questions on Human Reproduction, part of Zoology. The first 23 are below; the first 5 with answers and explanations (tap Show answer after you have chosen), the rest in Learn with a free account.

1. Question 1 · Medium

   Match List-I with List-II. List-I (part of female tract) A. Fimbriae B. Isthmus C. Myometrium D. Endometrium List-II (feature) I. Narrow lumen that joins the uterus II. Cyclical changes during the menstrual cycle III. Collection of the ovum after ovulation IV. Strong contractions during delivery

   1. AA-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
   2. BA-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
   3. CA-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
   4. DA-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

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   Answer: A · A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

   Fimbriae are finger-like projections that collect the ovum. The isthmus is the narrow part of the oviduct that joins the uterus. The muscular myometrium contracts strongly during delivery, and the glandular endometrium undergoes cyclical changes.

   • B: This swaps the two parts of the Fallopian tube.
   • C: This swaps both the tube parts and the uterine layers.
   • D: This swaps the two layers of the uterus.

   Remember this

   Myometrium gives the force of delivery; endometrium is the layer that changes cyclically and is shed in menstruation.

2. Question 2 · Medium

   Assertion A: The inner cell mass of the blastocyst contains stem cells. Reason R: The trophoblast layer of the blastocyst gets attached to the endometrium. Choose the correct answer.

   1. AA is correct but R is not correct
   2. BBoth A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
   3. CBoth A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
   4. DA is not correct but R is correct

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   Answer: B · Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

   Both are true NCERT facts about the blastocyst. The inner cell mass has stem cells with the potency to give rise to all tissues and organs. The attachment of the trophoblast explains implantation, not the potency of the inner cell mass, so R does not explain A.

   • A: R is true, because the trophoblast does attach to the endometrium.
   • C: The attachment of the trophoblast does not account for stem cells in a different cell layer.
   • D: A is true, because the inner cell mass does contain stem cells.

   Remember this

   Trophoblast attaches to the endometrium and helps form the placenta; inner cell mass forms the embryo.

3. Question 3 · Hard

   A hypothetical drug blocks only the mid-cycle LH surge, while FSH stays normal. What is expected in that ovarian cycle?

   1. AFollicles grow, but no ovulation occurs and no corpus luteum forms
   2. BOvulation occurs early, and a corpus luteum forms and secretes progesterone
   3. COvulation occurs on time, but the corpus luteum fails to secrete hormones
   4. DNo follicles grow, as FSH cannot work without the LH surge at mid-cycle

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   Answer: A · Follicles grow, but no ovulation occurs and no corpus luteum forms

   FSH supports follicle growth, so follicles still develop. Rupture of the mature follicle needs the LH surge, so ovulation does not occur. The corpus luteum forms from the ruptured follicle, so it does not form and the luteal rise in progesterone is lost.

   • B: Neither ovulation nor a corpus luteum can follow when the surge is blocked.
   • C: Ovulation cannot occur without the LH surge.
   • D: This confuses the role of the mid-cycle surge with the follicle growth that precedes it.

   Remember this

   FSH grows follicles; the LH surge triggers ovulation; the ruptured follicle becomes the corpus luteum.

4. Question 4 · Easy

   Within the seminiferous tubule, nutrition to the male germ cells is provided by

   1. Aspermatogonia
   2. BSertoli cells
   3. CLeydig cells
   4. Dsecondary spermatocytes

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   Answer: B · Sertoli cells

   Each seminiferous tubule is lined by male germ cells and Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells provide nutrition to the germ cells, while Leydig cells lie outside the tubules and secrete androgens.

   • A: Spermatogonia are germ cells that receive nutrition.
   • C: Leydig cells lie in the interstitial space and secrete androgens.
   • D: Secondary spermatocytes are germ cells that receive nutrition.

   Remember this

   Sertoli cells are inside the tubule and nourish germ cells; Leydig cells are outside and secrete androgens.

5. Question 5 · Easy

   The release of spermatozoa from the seminiferous tubules is called

   1. Aspermatogenesis
   2. Bspermiation
   3. Cinsemination
   4. Dspermiogenesis

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   Answer: B · spermiation

   After spermiogenesis the sperm heads are embedded in Sertoli cells, and they are finally released from the seminiferous tubules. This release is called spermiation.

   • A: Spermatogenesis is the whole process of forming sperm from spermatogonia.
   • C: Insemination is the transfer of semen into the female tract.
   • D: Spermiogenesis is the change of spermatids into spermatozoa.

   Remember this

   Spermiogenesis forms sperm from spermatids; spermiation releases them from the seminiferous tubules.

6. Question 6 · Medium

   Assertion A: The sex of a human baby is decided by the ovum. Reason R: All ova carry an X chromosome, whereas sperms carry either an X or a Y chromosome. Choose the correct answer.

   1. ABoth A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
   2. BA is correct but R is not correct
   3. CBoth A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
   4. DA is not correct but R is correct

   Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

7. Question 7 · Medium

   Arrange the route of sperms from the testis outward in the correct order. A. Epididymis B. Vasa efferentia C. Rete testis D. Vas deferens Choose the correct order.

   1. AC, A, B, D
   2. BC, B, A, D
   3. CA, C, B, D
   4. DB, C, A, D

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8. Question 8 · Hard

   Regarding human oogenesis and follicles, consider the following: A. Oogonia enter prophase-I of meiosis and are temporarily arrested there as primary oocytes. B. In the tertiary follicle, the first meiotic division gives a large haploid secondary oocyte and a tiny first polar body. C. The secondary oocyte in the Graafian follicle forms a new membrane called the zona pellucida. D. In the tertiary follicle, the theca is organised into theca interna and theca externa. Choose the correct answer.

   1. AA, B and C only
   2. BA, B, C and D
   3. CA, C and D only
   4. DB, C and D only

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9. Question 9 · Easy

   The milk produced during the initial few days of lactation, which contains several antibodies for the new-born, is called

   1. Acolostrum
   2. Bamniotic fluid
   3. Cseminal plasma
   4. Dcerebrospinal fluid

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10. Question 10 · Medium

    Match List-I with List-II. List-I (time in human pregnancy) A. After one month B. End of the second month C. End of 12 weeks D. Fifth month List-II (development) I. Most major organ systems formed II. First foetal movements and hair on the head III. Heart formed IV. Limbs and digits developed

    1. AA-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
    2. BA-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
    3. CA-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
    4. DA-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

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11. Question 11 · Medium

    In a study, 40 primary spermatocytes and 40 primary oocytes all complete meiosis. How many functional gametes (sperms and ova together) are formed?

    1. A120
    2. B200
    3. C80
    4. D320

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12. Question 12 · Medium

    Given below are two statements: Statement I: The placenta secretes hCG, hPL, estrogens and progestogens. Statement II: In the later phase of pregnancy, the ovary secretes relaxin. Choose the correct answer.

    1. ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct
    2. BBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
    3. CStatement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
    4. DStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

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13. Question 13 · Easy

    A human embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called a

    1. Azygote
    2. Bgastrula
    3. Cblastocyst
    4. Dmorula

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14. Question 14 · Medium

    Which of the following statements about the menstrual cycle are correct? A. Menstruation occurs only when the released ovum is fertilised. B. The endometrium regenerates through proliferation in the follicular phase. C. The corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone. D. A rapid mid-cycle rise in LH induces rupture of the Graafian follicle. Choose the correct answer.

    1. AB, C and D only
    2. BA, B and C only
    3. CB and D only
    4. DA, B, C and D

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15. Question 15 · Medium

    Arrange the human ovarian follicles in the order in which they develop. A. Graafian follicle B. Primary follicle C. Tertiary follicle D. Secondary follicle Choose the correct order.

    1. AD, B, C, A
    2. BB, D, A, C
    3. CB, C, D, A
    4. DB, D, C, A

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16. Question 16 · Medium

    A semen sample contains 300 million sperms. For normal fertility, what is the minimum number that must have normal shape and size?

    1. A120 million
    2. B200 million
    3. C60 million
    4. D180 million

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17. Question 17 · Easy

    For fertilisation to take place, ovum and sperm must reach the same region of the Fallopian tube at the same time. Which region is this?

    1. AAmpulla
    2. BFimbriae
    3. CIsthmus
    4. DCervical canal

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18. Question 18 · Medium

    Given below are two statements: Statement I: At ovulation, a human ovary releases a primary oocyte. Statement II: Entry of a sperm induces completion of the meiotic division of the secondary oocyte. Choose the correct answer.

    1. ABoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
    2. BBoth Statement I and Statement II are correct
    3. CStatement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
    4. DStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

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19. Question 19 · Hard

    A woman has both Fallopian tubes fully blocked at the isthmus, while her ovaries and uterus are normal. What is expected in her monthly cycles?

    1. AMenstruation continues, but ovulation stops as ova cannot pass down the tube
    2. BOvulation continues and fertilisation occurs in the uterus, but menstruation stops
    3. COvulation and menstruation continue, but natural fertilisation cannot occur
    4. DBoth ovulation and menstruation stop, as the corpus luteum cannot be formed

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20. Question 20 · Medium

    Match List-I with List-II. List-I (hormone) A. FSH B. LH surge C. Progesterone D. Oxytocin List-II (action) I. Growth of ovarian follicles II. Strong uterine contractions at birth III. Rupture of the Graafian follicle IV. Maintenance of the endometrium

    1. AA-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
    2. BA-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
    3. CA-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
    4. DA-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

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21. Question 21 · Hard

    Hormone levels through a 28-day menstrual cycle without fertilisation are plotted, with four times marked. Read these statements: A. At Q, the surge of LH induces rupture of the Graafian follicle. B. At R, the high progesterone comes mainly from the Graafian follicle and keeps the endometrium ready. C. Between P and Q, the endometrium regenerates mainly under progesterone from the corpus luteum. D. At S, the corpus luteum is degenerating, and this leads to disintegration of the endometrium. Choose the correct answer.

    

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    1. AA, B and D only
    2. BA, C and D only
    3. CB and C only
    4. DA and D only

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22. Question 22 · Medium

    Match List-I with List-II. List-I (time mark in the figure) A. Mark P B. Mark Q C. Mark R D. Mark S List-II (development reached in human pregnancy) I. Body covered with fine hair, eyelids separate, eyelashes formed II. Heart of the embryo formed III. Limbs and digits developed IV. Most major organ systems formed, external genital organs well developed

    

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    1. AA-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
    2. BA-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
    3. CA-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
    4. DA-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

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23. Question 23 · Easy

    Stages of spermatogenesis are drawn as a flowchart. How many chromosomes do cells P and Q contain?

    

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    1. AP: 92; Q: 46
    2. BP: 23; Q: 23
    3. CP: 46; Q: 46
    4. DP: 46; Q: 23

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