Assertion A: Interfascicular cambium arises from medullary ray cells next to the intrafascicular cambium. Reason R: Interfascicular cambium is a primary meristem that persists unchanged from the embryo. Choose the correct answer.

A is correct but R is not correct

Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

A is not correct but R is correct

Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Spring wood has vessels with wider cavities than autumn wood. Statement II: Heartwood conducts water and minerals, whereas sapwood does not. Choose the correct answer.

Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

Which cells occur in gymnosperm phloem in place of sieve tubes and companion cells?

Sieve cells and albuminous cells

Anatomy of Flowering Plants

11 NEET-UG practice questions on Anatomy of Flowering Plants, part of Botany. The first 11 are below; the first 5 with answers and explanations (tap Show answer after you have chosen), the rest in Learn with a free account.

Question 1 · Easy
In a grass leaf under water stress, the leaf curls inwards because water is lost from
1. ABundle sheath cells
2. BCompanion cells
3. CGuard cells
4. DBulliform cells
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Answer: D · Bulliform cells
Bulliform cells are large, empty, colourless epidermal cells on the adaxial side of grass leaves. When flaccid under water stress, they make the leaf curl inwards and so reduce water loss.
- A: Bundle sheath cells surround the vascular bundles.
- B: Companion cells work with sieve tube elements.
- C: Guard cells control the stomatal opening.
Remember this
Turgid bulliform cells expose the leaf surface; flaccid ones curl the leaf and reduce water loss.
Question 2 · Hard
Assertion A: Interfascicular cambium arises from medullary ray cells next to the intrafascicular cambium. Reason R: Interfascicular cambium is a primary meristem that persists unchanged from the embryo. Choose the correct answer.
1. ABoth A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
2. BA is not correct but R is correct
3. CA is correct but R is not correct
4. DBoth A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
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Answer: C · A is correct but R is not correct
In a dicot stem, medullary ray cells adjoining the intrafascicular cambium become meristematic and form interfascicular cambium. It therefore arises from permanent tissue and is not a persisting embryonic meristem, so R is false. The two join into a continuous cambial ring.
- A: R is false because this cambium forms from permanent cells.
- B: A is correct and is what NCERT describes.
- D: R is false, so it cannot explain A.
Remember this
Interfascicular cambium arises from medullary ray cells that regain the power of division.
Question 3 · Medium
Arrange the tissues of a dicot root from outside to inside. A. Pericycle B. Epiblema C. Endodermis D. Cortex
1. AB, D, A, C
2. BD, B, C, A
3. CB, D, C, A
4. DB, C, D, A
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Answer: C · B, D, C, A
The outermost layer is the epiblema with root hairs, followed by several layers of cortex. The endodermis is the innermost cortical layer, and the pericycle lies just inside it.
- A: The pericycle lies inside the endodermis.
- B: The epiblema is the outermost layer.
- D: The endodermis lies inside the cortex, not outside it.
Remember this
The pericycle lies inside the endodermis and is where lateral roots and vascular cambium originate.
Question 4 · Medium
Given below are two statements: Statement I: Spring wood has vessels with wider cavities than autumn wood. Statement II: Heartwood conducts water and minerals, whereas sapwood does not. Choose the correct answer.
1. AStatement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
2. BBoth Statement I and Statement II are correct
3. CStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
4. DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
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Answer: A · Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
In spring the cambium is more active and forms wider xylary elements, so Statement I holds. Heartwood comprises dead elements with highly lignified walls and does not conduct, whereas sapwood conducts water and minerals, so Statement II has these reversed.
- B: Statement II reverses the roles of heartwood and sapwood.
- C: Statement I is the correct one, not Statement II.
- D: Statement I is correct as spring vessels are wider.
Remember this
Sapwood is the conducting peripheral wood; heartwood is dark, dead and non-conducting but gives strength.
Question 5 · Easy
Which cells occur in gymnosperm phloem in place of sieve tubes and companion cells?
1. ATracheids and vessels
2. BBulliform cells and fibres
3. CSieve cells and albuminous cells
4. DPalisade and spongy cells
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Answer: C · Sieve cells and albuminous cells
Gymnosperms lack sieve tubes and companion cells. Their phloem has sieve cells and albuminous cells instead.
- A: These are xylem elements.
- B: Bulliform cells occur in grass leaf epidermis.
- D: These are mesophyll cells of leaves.
Remember this
Gymnosperms lack vessels in xylem and lack sieve tubes and companion cells in phloem.
Question 6 · Hard
Match List-I with List-II. List-I (organ) A. Dicot root B. Monocot root C. Dicot stem D. Monocot stem List-II (feature in transverse section) I. More than six xylem bundles and a large pith II. Ring of conjoint open bundles with semilunar patches of sclerenchyma above them III. Scattered conjoint closed bundles, with phloem parenchyma absent IV. Usually two to four xylem bundles and a small pith
1. AA-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
2. BA-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
3. CA-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
4. DA-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 7 · Medium
Consider these statements about periderm. A. Phellogen cuts off phellem on its outer side. B. Phelloderm is cut off on the outer side of phellogen. C. The walls of cork cells allow water to pass freely. D. Lenticels form where phellogen cuts off closely arranged parenchyma cells outwards in place of cork. Which statements are correct?
1. AA and D only
2. BA, B and D only
3. CA, C and D only
4. DB and C only
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 8 · Medium
Match List-I with List-II. List-I (cell or tissue) A. Collenchyma B. Sclereids C. Companion cells D. Tracheids List-II (description) I. Elongated dead cells with tapering ends that conduct water II. Parenchymatous cells linked by pit fields to sieve tube elements III. Living cells thickened at corners with cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin IV. Dead cells with a narrow lumen, found in the pulp of guava
1. AA-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
2. BA-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
3. CA-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
4. DA-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 9 · Medium
A transverse section of a plant axis shows sclerenchymatous hypodermis, scattered conjoint closed bundles and water-containing cavities in the bundles. The section is from a
1. ADicot root
2. BDicot stem
3. CMonocot stem
4. DMonocot root
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 10 · Medium
Casparian strips are found in which tissue, and what substance do they contain?
1. AEndodermis; suberin
2. BEndodermis; pectin
3. CEpiblema; cutin
4. DPericycle; lignin
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 11 · Easy
Regrowth of grass leaves after grazing by herbivores is made possible by
1. ACork cambium
2. BApical meristem
3. CIntercalary meristem
4. DVascular cambium
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

Anatomy of Flowering Plants

In a grass leaf under water stress, the leaf curls inwards because water is lost from

Assertion A: Interfascicular cambium arises from medullary ray cells next to the intrafascicular cambium. Reason R: Interfascicular cambium is a primary meristem that persists unchanged from the embryo. Choose the correct answer.

Arrange the tissues of a dicot root from outside to inside. A. Pericycle B. Epiblema C. Endodermis D. Cortex

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Spring wood has vessels with wider cavities than autumn wood. Statement II: Heartwood conducts water and minerals, whereas sapwood does not. Choose the correct answer.

Which cells occur in gymnosperm phloem in place of sieve tubes and companion cells?

A transverse section of a plant axis shows sclerenchymatous hypodermis, scattered conjoint closed bundles and water-containing cavities in the bundles. The section is from a

Casparian strips are found in which tissue, and what substance do they contain?

Regrowth of grass leaves after grazing by herbivores is made possible by