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MedExams

Morphology of Flowering Plants

16 NEET-UG practice questions on Morphology of Flowering Plants, part of Botany. The first 16 are below; the first 5 with answers and explanations (tap Show answer after you have chosen), the rest in Learn with a free account.

  1. Question 1 · Hard

    Assertion A: Mango and coconut are both drupes with a fleshy, edible mesocarp. Reason R: Drupes develop from monocarpellary superior ovaries and are one-seeded. Choose the correct answer.

    1. AA is correct but R is not correct
    2. BBoth A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
    3. CA is not correct but R is correct
    4. DBoth A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
    Show answer

    Answer: C · A is not correct but R is correct

    Both fruits are drupes, but only mango has a fleshy edible mesocarp, as the mesocarp of coconut is fibrous. The assertion is therefore wrong, while the reason correctly defines a drupe.

    • A: R is correct and A is the wrong one.
    • B: A is false because the coconut mesocarp is fibrous.
    • D: A is false, so R cannot explain it.

    Remember this

    Mesocarp is fleshy in mango and fibrous in coconut, and both are drupes from monocarpellary superior ovaries.

  2. Question 2 · Hard

    Match List-I with List-II. List-I (floral features) A. Vexillary aestivation, one-celled ovary with marginal placentation B. Tepals in two whorls, superior trilocular ovary C. Epipetalous stamens, bilocular ovary with swollen placenta D. Parietal placentation in an actinomorphic hypogynous flower List-II (plant) I. Aloe II. Mustard III. Belladonna IV. Trifolium

    1. AA-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
    2. BA-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
    3. CA-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
    4. DA-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
    Show answer

    Answer: A · A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

    Vexillary aestivation with marginal placentation marks Fabaceae, which includes the fodder plant Trifolium. Tepals and a trilocular ovary mark Liliaceae (Aloe), and swollen placenta marks Solanaceae (belladonna). Mustard is hypogynous and actinomorphic with parietal placentation.

    • B: This swaps the Solanaceae plant with mustard.
    • C: This swaps the Fabaceae and Solanaceae plants.
    • D: This swaps the Liliaceae and Solanaceae plants.

    Remember this

    Fabaceae is papilionaceous and marginal, Solanaceae has swollen placenta, Liliaceae is trilocular with axile placentation.

  3. Question 3 · Easy

    Roots that grow vertically upwards to get oxygen for respiration are seen in

    1. ACarrot
    2. BMaize
    3. CRhizophora
    4. DBanyan
    Show answer

    Answer: C · Rhizophora

    Rhizophora grows in swampy areas, where many roots come out of the ground and grow upwards as pneumatophores. These roots help the plant obtain oxygen.

    • A: Carrot has a tap root that stores food.
    • B: Maize has supporting stilt roots.
    • D: Banyan has supporting prop roots.

    Remember this

    Pneumatophores occur in Rhizophora, stilt roots in maize and sugarcane, and prop roots in banyan.

  4. Question 4 · Medium

    Which feature is NOT seen in a flower of the family Liliaceae?

    1. ASix stamens in two whorls
    2. BSix tepals in two whorls
    3. CA trilocular ovary with axile placentation
    4. DAn inferior ovary
    Show answer

    Answer: D · An inferior ovary

    The Liliaceae flower has the formula Br ⊕ P(3+3) A3+3 G(3). Its ovary is superior, tricarpellary, syncarpous and trilocular with axile placentation.

    • A: This is a true feature, shown as A3+3.
    • B: This is a true feature, shown as P(3+3).
    • C: This is a true feature of the Liliaceae ovary.

    Remember this

    Liliaceae has a superior trilocular ovary with axile placentation and tepals in place of separate sepals and petals.

  5. Question 5 · Medium

    Study these statements on leaf arrangement. A. The leaves of neem are palmately compound. B. Alstonia shows whorled phyllotaxy. C. Guava shows opposite phyllotaxy. D. China rose shows alternate phyllotaxy. Which statements are correct?

    1. AB, C and D only
    2. BB and C only
    3. CA and D only
    4. DA, B and C only
    Show answer

    Answer: A · B, C and D only

    Alstonia has more than two leaves at a node, guava has a pair at each node and china rose has one leaf at each node, so B, C and D hold. Neem is pinnately compound, whereas silk cotton is palmately compound, so A fails.

    • B: This leaves out D, which is correct for china rose.
    • C: This includes A and leaves out two correct statements.
    • D: This includes A, although neem is pinnately compound.

    Remember this

    Phyllotaxy is alternate in china rose, opposite in guava and Calotropis, and whorled in Alstonia.

  7. Question 7 · Medium

    Given below are two statements: Statement I: A potato tuber is a swollen root that stores food. Statement II: In the bulbs of onion and garlic, fleshy leaves store food. Choose the correct answer.

    1. AStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
    2. BStatement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
    3. CBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
    4. DBoth Statement I and Statement II are correct

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

  8. Question 8 · Medium

    Match List-I with List-II. List-I (plant) A. Pea B. Argemone C. Lemon D. Marigold List-II (placentation) I. Basal II. Axile III. Marginal IV. Parietal

    1. AA-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
    2. BA-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
    3. CA-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
    4. DA-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

  9. Question 9 · Hard

    Read the following about flower position. A. Plum is perigynous, and its ovary is described as half-inferior. B. Cucumber is hypogynous, with a superior ovary. C. The ovary of brinjal is superior. D. Ray florets of sunflower are perigynous. Which statements are correct?

    1. AA, B and C only
    2. BA, C and D only
    3. CA and C only
    4. DB and C only

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

  10. Question 10 · Medium

    Arrange these zones along a growing root, tip first. A. Region of elongation B. Region of maturation C. Root cap D. Region of meristematic activity

    1. AD, C, A, B
    2. BC, D, A, B
    3. CC, A, D, B
    4. DC, D, B, A

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

  11. Question 11 · Medium

    Match List-I with List-II. List-I (plant) A. Grapevine B. Citrus C. Opuntia D. Colocasia List-II (stem modification) I. Flattened green stem that photosynthesises II. Underground stem that stores food III. Coiled tendril from an axillary bud IV. Straight, woody thorn from an axillary bud

    1. AA-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
    2. BA-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
    3. CA-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
    4. DA-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

  12. Question 12 · Medium

    A pea flower is described by the formula K(5) C1+2+(2) A(9)+1 G1. Counting every separate sepal, petal, stamen and carpel, what is the total number of floral parts?

    1. A20
    2. B21
    3. C16
    4. D13

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

  13. Question 13 · Easy

    A family has five epipetalous stamens and a bilocular ovary with swollen placenta bearing many ovules. Which family is it?

    1. ABrassicaceae
    2. BLiliaceae
    3. CSolanaceae
    4. DFabaceae

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

  14. Question 14 · Easy

    In Australian acacia, the leaves are small and short-lived. Which part expands and becomes green to make food?

    1. ARoot
    2. BPetiole
    3. CStipule
    4. DAxillary bud

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

  15. Question 15 · Medium

    Match List-I with List-II. List-I (ovary section in the figure) A. Section A B. Section B C. Section C D. Section D List-II (plant showing this placentation) I. Pea II. Dianthus III. Lemon IV. Argemone

    Figure: MedExams
    Transverse sections of four ovaries labelled A to D, differing in septa and in where the ovules attach.
    1. AA-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
    2. BA-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
    3. CA-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
    4. DA-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

  16. Question 16 · Medium

    Three flowers P, Q and R are described in the table by their symmetry and floral formulae. Read these statements: A. Flower P has diadelphous stamens and a monocarpellary gynoecium. B. Flower Q has a united perianth of six tepals and a tricarpellary syncarpous gynoecium. C. Flower R has a gamopetalous corolla and a bicarpellary syncarpous gynoecium. D. Flowers P and R have a polysepalous calyx. Choose the correct answer.

    Figure: MedExams
    Table of three flowers P, Q and R with their symmetry and floral formulae.
    1. AA, C and D only
    2. BA, B and C only
    3. CB, C and D only
    4. DA and B only

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

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