Regarding the two partners of a lichen and where lichens grow, which claim is NOT correct?

The fungal partner prepares food for the alga by photosynthesis

Lichens do not grow in polluted areas

The fungal partner gives shelter and absorbs water and minerals

The algal partner prepares food for the fungus

Biological Classification

10 NEET-UG practice questions on Biological Classification, part of Botany. The first 10 are below; the first 5 with answers and explanations (tap Show answer after you have chosen), the rest in Learn with a free account.

Question 1 · Medium
A saprophytic fungus has branched, septate mycelium and reproduces only by conidia. No sexual stage has been found. In which class should it be placed?
1. ABasidiomycetes
2. BDeuteromycetes
3. CAscomycetes
4. DPhycomycetes
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Answer: B · Deuteromycetes
Fungi in which only the asexual or vegetative phases are known are placed in Deuteromycetes, the imperfect fungi. Their mycelium is septate and branched, and they reproduce by conidia.
- A: Basidiomycetes form basidiospores in a sexual cycle.
- C: Ascomycetes form ascospores in a sexual cycle.
- D: Phycomycetes have aseptate, coenocytic mycelium.
Remember this
When the sexual stage of a deuteromycete is found, it is usually moved to Ascomycetes or Basidiomycetes.
Question 2 · Medium
Regarding the two partners of a lichen and where lichens grow, which claim is NOT correct?
1. ALichens do not grow in polluted areas
2. BThe fungal partner gives shelter and absorbs water and minerals
3. CThe fungal partner prepares food for the alga by photosynthesis
4. DThe algal partner prepares food for the fungus
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Answer: C · The fungal partner prepares food for the alga by photosynthesis
A lichen is a mutually useful association of an alga and a fungus. The phycobiont is autotrophic and prepares food, while the heterotrophic mycobiont provides shelter and absorbs mineral nutrients and water.
- A: This is correct because lichens are sensitive pollution indicators.
- B: This is a correct statement of the role of the mycobiont.
- D: This is a correct statement because the alga is the autotrophic partner.
Remember this
Phycobiont makes food, mycobiont gives shelter and absorption, and lichens are good pollution indicators.
Question 3 · Easy
Which archaebacteria live in the gut of ruminants and produce methane during biogas formation?
1. AMethanogens
2. BCyanobacteria
3. CThermoacidophiles
4. DHalophiles
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Answer: A · Methanogens
Methanogens occur in marshy areas and in the gut of ruminant animals such as cows and buffaloes. They produce methane in the dung of these animals.
- B: Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic eubacteria, not archaebacteria.
- C: Thermoacidophiles live in hot springs.
- D: Halophiles live in extreme salty areas.
Remember this
Halophiles live in salty areas, thermoacidophiles in hot springs and methanogens in marshes and ruminant guts.
Question 4 · Medium
Arrange these events in the sexual cycle of a basidiomycete such as Agaricus in the correct sequence. A. Meiosis forms basidiospores B. Karyogamy occurs in the basidium C. Two somatic cells of different strains fuse D. A dikaryotic structure forms
1. AC, D, B, A
2. BC, D, A, B
3. CD, C, B, A
4. DC, B, D, A
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Answer: A · C, D, B, A
Sex organs are absent, so plasmogamy occurs by fusion of two somatic cells of different strains. This gives a dikaryotic structure that ultimately forms the basidium, in which karyogamy and then meiosis take place, producing four basidiospores.
- B: Meiosis needs the diploid nucleus formed by karyogamy first.
- C: The dikaryon cannot form before the two cells fuse.
- D: Karyogamy cannot happen before the dikaryotic stage.
Remember this
The fungal sequence is plasmogamy, dikaryon, karyogamy, then meiosis to form spores.
Question 5 · Easy
Bacteria with a comma shape are called
1. ABacillus
2. BVibrio
3. CSpirillum
4. DCoccus
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Answer: B · Vibrio
Bacteria are grouped into four shapes: spherical coccus, rod-shaped bacillus, comma-shaped vibrio and spiral spirillum.
- A: Bacillus is rod-shaped.
- C: Spirillum is spiral.
- D: Coccus is spherical.
Remember this
Coccus is spherical, bacillus rod-shaped, vibrio comma-shaped and spirillum spiral.
Question 6 · Hard
Match List-I with List-II. List-I (fungus) A. Albugo B. Neurospora C. Puccinia D. Colletotrichum List-II (feature of its class) I. Only conidia known, with no sexual stage recorded II. Basidiospores formed exogenously on a basidium III. Ascospores formed endogenously in a sac IV. Aseptate coenocytic mycelium with zygospores
1. AA-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
2. BA-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
3. CA-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
4. DA-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 7 · Easy
The infectious agent of potato spindle tuber disease is made up of
1. AFree RNA without a protein coat
2. BRNA enclosed in a protein coat
3. CAbnormally folded protein alone
4. DDouble-stranded DNA inside a capsid
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Question 8 · Medium
Assertion A: Diatom cell walls pile up over billions of years as a soil-like deposit at the bottom of the water. Reason R: The silica embedded in diatom cell walls makes them indestructible. Choose the correct answer.
1. ABoth A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
2. BBoth A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
3. CA is not correct but R is correct
4. DA is correct but R is not correct
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 9 · Hard
Consider these statements on acellular infectious agents. A. Viroids have RNA of low molecular weight. B. Prions consist of abnormally folded protein. C. Bacteriophages are usually double-stranded DNA viruses. D. Viruses that infect plants generally have double-stranded DNA. Which statements are correct?
1. AB, C and D only
2. BA and B only
3. CA, C and D only
4. DA, B and C only
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account
Question 10 · Medium
Given below are two statements: Statement I: The cell walls of dinoflagellates are embedded with silica and form diatomaceous earth. Statement II: Euglenoids have a protein-rich pellicle in place of a cell wall. Choose the correct answer.
1. ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct
2. BBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
3. CStatement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
4. DStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

Biological Classification

A saprophytic fungus has branched, septate mycelium and reproduces only by conidia. No sexual stage has been found. In which class should it be placed?

Regarding the two partners of a lichen and where lichens grow, which claim is NOT correct?

Which archaebacteria live in the gut of ruminants and produce methane during biogas formation?

Arrange these events in the sexual cycle of a basidiomycete such as Agaricus in the correct sequence. A. Meiosis forms basidiospores B. Karyogamy occurs in the basidium C. Two somatic cells of different strains fuse D. A dikaryotic structure forms

Bacteria with a comma shape are called

The infectious agent of potato spindle tuber disease is made up of

Assertion A: Diatom cell walls pile up over billions of years as a soil-like deposit at the bottom of the water. Reason R: The silica embedded in diatom cell walls makes them indestructible. Choose the correct answer.

Given below are two statements: Statement I: The cell walls of dinoflagellates are embedded with silica and form diatomaceous earth. Statement II: Euglenoids have a protein-rich pellicle in place of a cell wall. Choose the correct answer.