Plant Kingdom

16 NEET-UG practice questions on Plant Kingdom, part of Botany. The first 16 are below; the first 5 with answers and explanations (tap Show answer after you have chosen), the rest in Learn with a free account.

1. Question 1 · Medium

   Match List-I with List-II. List-I (class) A. Psilopsida B. Lycopsida C. Sphenopsida D. Pteropsida List-II (example) I. Equisetum II. Adiantum III. Psilotum IV. Lycopodium

   1. AA-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
   2. BA-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
   3. CA-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
   4. DA-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

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   Answer: D · A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

   Pteridophytes fall into four classes. Psilotum is in Psilopsida, Lycopodium in Lycopsida, Equisetum in Sphenopsida and Adiantum in Pteropsida.

   • A: This swaps the examples of Sphenopsida and Pteropsida.
   • B: This swaps the examples of Lycopsida and Sphenopsida.
   • C: This swaps the examples of Psilopsida and Lycopsida.

   Remember this

   Selaginella and Lycopodium are Lycopsida; Dryopteris, Pteris and Adiantum are Pteropsida.

2. Question 2 · Easy

   Which substances are stored as reserve food in Phaeophyceae?

   1. AGlycogen and oil only
   2. BStarch in pyrenoids
   3. CFloridean starch only
   4. DMannitol and laminarin

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   Answer: D · Mannitol and laminarin

   Brown algae store food as complex carbohydrates, in the form of laminarin or mannitol.

   • A: Glycogen is not the stated reserve of brown algae.
   • B: Starch in pyrenoids is typical of green algae.
   • C: Floridean starch is the reserve of red algae.

   Remember this

   Green algae store starch, brown algae store mannitol and laminarin, and red algae store floridean starch.

3. Question 3 · Medium

   Why is Sphagnum used as packing material for trans-shipment of living material?

   1. AIt repels water from living tissue
   2. BIt produces antibiotics
   3. CIt fixes atmospheric nitrogen
   4. DIt has the capacity to hold water

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   Answer: D · It has the capacity to hold water

   Sphagnum is a moss that provides peat, used as fuel and as packing material. Its value in packing comes from its capacity to hold water, which keeps the material moist.

   • A: The moss retains water; it does not repel it.
   • B: Antibiotic production is not the reason given.
   • C: Nitrogen fixation has no role in packing.

   Remember this

   Sphagnum gives peat, valued as fuel and as a water-holding packing material.

4. Question 4 · Hard

   Match List-I with List-II. List-I (plant) A. Volvox B. Funaria C. Dryopteris D. Pinus List-II (life cycle feature) I. Dominant vascular sporophyte with an independent, short-lived gametophyte II. Free-living gametophyte with the sporophyte only as a zygote III. Dominant sporophyte with a greatly reduced, dependent gametophyte IV. Dominant gametophyte with an attached, partly dependent sporophyte

   1. AA-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
   2. BA-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
   3. CA-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
   4. DA-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

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   Answer: D · A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

   Volvox is haplontic, with only the zygote as its diploid phase, and Pinus is diplontic with a much reduced gametophyte. Funaria and Dryopteris are both haplo-diplontic, but the gametophyte dominates in the moss while the sporophyte dominates in the fern.

   • A: This swaps the moss with the fern.
   • B: This swaps the haplontic alga with the moss.
   • C: This swaps the fern with the seed plant.

   Remember this

   In both bryophytes and pteridophytes the cycle is haplo-diplontic; the dominant phase is what separates them.

5. Question 5 · Easy

   Triple fusion in the embryo sac of an angiosperm involves

   1. AOne synergid and two antipodals
   2. BOne male gamete and two polar nuclei
   3. COne male gamete and one egg
   4. DTwo male gametes and one egg

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   Answer: B · One male gamete and two polar nuclei

   One male gamete fuses with the egg in syngamy. The other male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei, forming a triploid primary endosperm nucleus.

   • A: Synergids and antipodals degenerate and take no part in fusion.
   • C: This describes syngamy.
   • D: Only one male gamete fuses with the egg.

   Remember this

   Syngamy plus triple fusion make double fertilisation, which is unique to angiosperms.

6. Question 6 · Hard

   Examine these statements on algae. A. Zoospores of brown algae bear two unequal, laterally attached flagella. B. Red algae reproduce sexually by flagellated gametes. C. Spirogyra shows fusion of non-flagellated gametes of similar size. D. Chlorella is a protein-rich unicellular alga used as food supplement by space travellers. Which statements are correct?

   1. AB, C and D only
   2. BA, B and C only
   3. CC and D only
   4. DA, C and D only

   Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

7. Question 7 · Easy

   Among these pteridophytes, which one produces two kinds of spores, large and small?

   1. AAdiantum
   2. BSelaginella
   3. CEquisetum
   4. DDryopteris

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8. Question 8 · Medium

   Assertion A: Bryophytes are called the amphibians of the plant kingdom. Reason R: The sporophyte of a bryophyte is attached to the gametophyte and draws nourishment from it. Choose the correct answer.

   1. AA is correct but R is not correct
   2. BBoth A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
   3. CA is not correct but R is correct
   4. DBoth A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

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9. Question 9 · Medium

   The coralloid roots of Cycas are associated with

   1. AMethanogenic archaebacteria
   2. BRhizobium bacteria
   3. CN₂-fixing cyanobacteria
   4. DMycorrhizal fungi

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10. Question 10 · Easy

    Agar, used for growing microbes and in preparing ice-creams and jellies, is obtained commercially from

    1. AChlorella and Volvox
    2. BEctocarpus and Fucus
    3. CLaminaria and Sargassum
    4. DGelidium and Gracilaria

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11. Question 11 · Medium

    Given below are two statements: Statement I: The sporophyte of a moss is more elaborate than that of a liverwort. Statement II: Liverworts can reproduce asexually by gemmae, which are green multicellular buds. Choose the correct answer.

    1. ABoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
    2. BStatement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
    3. CStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
    4. DBoth Statement I and Statement II are correct

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12. Question 12 · Medium

    Arrange these stages of a moss life cycle in the correct sequence, beginning from a spore. A. Sporophyte forms spores by meiosis in the capsule B. Spore germinates into a protonema C. Fertilisation occurs on the leafy stage D. Lateral buds on the protonema form the leafy stage

    1. AB, C, D, A
    2. BD, B, C, A
    3. CB, D, C, A
    4. DB, D, A, C

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13. Question 13 · Medium

    Leaf cells of a Pinus species have 24 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are expected in a cell of its multicellular female gametophyte?

    1. A36
    2. B24
    3. C48
    4. D12

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14. Question 14 · Medium

    Match List-I with List-II. List-I (plant) A. Sargassum B. Gracilaria C. Spirogyra D. Marchantia List-II (feature) I. Gemma cups II. Fucoxanthin III. Pyrenoids with protein and starch IV. Floridean starch

    1. AA-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
    2. BA-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
    3. CA-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
    4. DA-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

    Answer and explanation in LearnFree account

15. Question 15 · Hard

    Given below are two statements: Statement I: In Pinus, male and female cones occur on different trees, whereas in Cycas both occur on the same tree. Statement II: In Selaginella, the female gametophyte is always free-living and is never retained on the parent sporophyte. Choose the correct answer.

    1. AStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
    2. BStatement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
    3. CBoth Statement I and Statement II are correct
    4. DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

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16. Question 16 · Medium

    Which alga does NOT show a haplontic life cycle?

    1. AFucus
    2. BVolvox
    3. CSpirogyra
    4. DChlamydomonas species

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